Human Growth and Development CLEP Prep Practice Exam

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the fifth stage of psychosocial development?

1. Industry vs. Inferiority

2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

3. Identity vs. Role Confusion

4. Intimacy vs. Isolation

The correct answer is: Identity vs. Role Confusion

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the fifth stage of development is Identity vs. Role Confusion. This stage typically occurs during adolescence, roughly from ages 12 to 18. During this critical period, individuals are exploring their own identities and seeking to establish a personal sense of self. The development of a coherent identity involves questioning and integrating various aspects of oneself, including beliefs, values, and social roles. Successfully navigating this stage allows adolescents to develop a strong sense of identity, which is crucial for forming lasting interpersonal relationships and achieving a clear sense of purpose. Conversely, failure to resolve this conflict may lead to role confusion, wherein a person struggles to understand their place in the world or experiences uncertainty about their future. This stage is pivotal in laying the groundwork for subsequent stages, particularly those focusing on intimacy and forming relationships. Understanding this developmental milestone is essential as it influences various aspects of personality and social functioning in adulthood. The other stages mentioned, while also significant, pertain to different periods of development and conflicts that do not align with this stage's specific focus on identity formation.