Human Growth and Development CLEP Prep Practice Exam

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the fourth stage of Psychosocial Development?

1. Ego-Integrity vs. Despair

2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

3. Intimacy vs. Isolation

4. Industry vs. Inferiority

The correct answer is: Industry vs. Inferiority

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the fourth stage of development is recognized as Industry vs. Inferiority. This stage typically occurs during the ages of 6 to 12 years, which corresponds to the time when children are entering school and beginning to develop skills and competencies that are valued in their culture. During this stage, children are learning to work collaboratively, develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments, and gain self-confidence through the completion of tasks. Success in this stage leads to a sense of competence and achievement, known as "industry." Conversely, failure to successfully navigate this stage can result in feelings of inferiority and self-doubt, as children may perceive themselves as unable to measure up to their peers or meet expectations. This focus on competence and achievement distinguishes this stage from others in Erikson's framework, underscoring its importance in building a child's self-esteem and foundational skills for future development, including the ability to form relationships and work effectively with others in subsequent stages.